{"id":1343,"date":"2020-10-14T03:14:04","date_gmt":"2020-10-14T03:14:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/?page_id=1343"},"modified":"2021-02-19T00:26:06","modified_gmt":"2021-02-19T00:26:06","slug":"soil-profile","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/soil-profile\/","title":{"rendered":"Soil Profile"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1343\" class=\"elementor elementor-1343\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2db9a32 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2db9a32\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cea5d4e\" data-id=\"cea5d4e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-73180d2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"73180d2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5e5e75c\" data-id=\"5e5e75c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fccc4da elementor-align-start elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"fccc4da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Soils<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3168200 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-nav-menu\" data-id=\"3168200\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"jet-nav-wrap m-layout-mobile\"><div class=\"menu-soils-container\"><div class=\"jet-nav m-layout-mobile jet-nav--vertical jet-nav--vertical-sub-left-side\"><div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-1352 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/what-is-soil\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">What is soil?<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-1360 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/importance-of-soils\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">Importance of soils<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-1365 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/soil-profile\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">Soil Profile<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-1368 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/types-of-soil\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">Types of soil<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-1387 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/soil-conservation\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">Soil Conservation<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-1388 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/soil-ecosystems\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">Soil Ecosystems<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-1386 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/soil-formation-factors\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">Soil Formation Factors<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/nav>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1408d29 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1408d29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2413ea5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"2413ea5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- Tall-Responsive -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4993435605385515\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"6804764118\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3418cff\" data-id=\"3418cff\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3610d26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3610d26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Soil Profile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c411a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c411a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">If one could dig a massive trench (hole), about 50-100ft vertically downwards into the ground, you will notice that you would have cut through various layers of soil types. A look at the layers from a distance gives one a cross-section view of the ground (beneath the surface) and the kind of soils and rocks it is made of.<\/span><\/p><p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">This cross-section view is called a <b>Soil Profile.<\/b> The profile is made up of layers, running parallel to the surface, called <b>Soil Horizons<\/b>.<\/span><\/p><p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Each horizon may be slightly or very different from the other above or below it. Each horizon tells a story about the makeup, age, texture, and characteristics of that layer.<\/span><\/p><p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Most soils have three major horizons. <b>These are A Horizon, B Horizon, and C Horizon. <\/b>Aside from these three, there are also the O, E, and R horizons. How are they different?<\/span><\/p><figure id=\"attachment_1423\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1423\" style=\"width: 253px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1423 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/soil-profile-diagram.jpg\" alt=\"An illustration of The Soil Profile\" width=\"253\" height=\"438\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/soil-profile-diagram.jpg 253w, https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/soil-profile-diagram-173x300.jpg 173w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 253px) 100vw, 253px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1423\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">An illustration of The Soil Profile<\/figcaption><\/figure><h3><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The O-Horizon:<\/span><\/h3><p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The O horizon is very common on many surfaces with lots of vegetative covers. It is the layer made up of organic materials such as dead leaves and surface organisms, twigs, and fallen trees. It has about 20% organic matter. It is possible to see various levels of decomposition occurring here (minimal, moderately, highly, and completely decomposed organic matter). This horizon is often black or dark brown in color, because of its organic content. It is the layer in which the roots of small grass are found.<\/span><\/p><h3><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The A-Horizon:<\/span><\/h3><p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The A horizon may be seen in the absence of the O horizon, usually known as the topsoil. It is the top layer soils for many grasslands and agricultural lands. Typically, they are made of sand, silt, and clay with high amounts of organic matter. This layer is most vulnerable to wind and water erosion. It is also known as the root zone.<\/span><\/p><h3><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The E-Horizon:<\/span><\/h3><p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The E horizon is usually lighter in color, often below the O and A horizons. It is often rich in nutrients that are leached from the top A and O horizons. It has a lower clay content and is common in forested lands or areas with high-quality O and A horizons.<\/span><\/p><h3><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The B-Horizon:<\/span><\/h3><p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The B-horizon has some similarities with the E-horizon. This horizon is formed below the O, A, and E horizons and may contain high concentrations of silicate clay, iron, aluminum, and carbonates. It is also called the\u00a0<\/span><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">illuviation zone<\/span><\/strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u00a0because of the accumulation of minerals. It is the layer in which the roots of big trees end.<\/span><\/p><h3><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The C-Horizon:<\/span><\/h3><p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The C horizon lacks all the properties of the layers above it. It is mainly composed of broken bedrock and no organic material. It has cemented sediment and geologic material. There is little activity here although additions and losses of soluble materials may occur. The C horizon is also known as saprolite.<\/span><\/p><h3><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The R-Horizon:<\/span><\/h3><p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The R horizon is the bedrock material, compacted and cemented by the weight of the overlying horizons. It is the unweathered parent material. Rock types found here include granite, basalt, and limestone.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f4110df\" data-id=\"f4110df\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f3d714 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"6f3d714\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- Tall-Responsive -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4993435605385515\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"6804764118\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ebd712e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ebd712e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c1781a8\" data-id=\"c1781a8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe0185a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"fe0185a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/importance-of-soils\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">GO BACK<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f5877b9\" data-id=\"f5877b9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc55c78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cc55c78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/types-of-soil\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">NEXT PAGE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Soils What is soil? Importance of soils Soil Profile Types of soil Soil Conservation Soil Ecosystems Soil Formation Factors The Soil Profile If one could dig a massive trench (hole), about 50-100ft vertically downwards into the ground, you will notice that you would have cut through various layers of soil types. A look at the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/fullwidth-content.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1343","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1343","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1343"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1343\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7629,"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1343\/revisions\/7629"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1343"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}