{"id":7290,"date":"2021-02-17T22:26:54","date_gmt":"2021-02-17T22:26:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/?page_id=7290"},"modified":"2021-02-18T00:41:06","modified_gmt":"2021-02-18T00:41:06","slug":"volcanoes-and-ozone","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/volcanoes-and-ozone\/","title":{"rendered":"Volcanoes and ozone"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7290\" class=\"elementor elementor-7290\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c18d2f1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c18d2f1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f016194\" data-id=\"f016194\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a4bb892 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a4bb892\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c071912\" data-id=\"c071912\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da34417 elementor-align-start elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"da34417\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Ozone Depletion<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1eec57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-nav-menu\" data-id=\"a1eec57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"jet-nav-wrap m-layout-mobile\"><div class=\"menu-ozone-depletion-container\"><div class=\"jet-nav m-layout-mobile jet-nav--vertical jet-nav--vertical-sub-left-side\"><div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-7304 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/introduction-to-ozone-depletion\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">Introduction to Ozone Depletion<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-7303 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/what-is-ozone\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">What is Ozone?<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-7302 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/what-is-ozone-depletion\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">What is Ozone depletion?<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-7301 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/volcanoes-and-ozone\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">Volcanoes and ozone<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-7300 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/effects-of-ozone-depletion\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">Effects of ozone depletion<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-7404 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/what-is-uv\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">What is UV?<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page jet-nav__item-7299 jet-nav__item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/the-ozone-hole\/\" class=\"menu-item-link menu-item-link-depth-0 menu-item-link-top\"><span class=\"jet-nav-link-text\">The ozone hole<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/nav>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4e1e19 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b4e1e19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f9182f elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"6f9182f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- Tall-Responsive -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4993435605385515\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"6804764118\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f6cef85\" data-id=\"f6cef85\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d6dbc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9d6dbc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How do volcanoes affect stratospheric ozone?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-955c13f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"955c13f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">When volcanoes erupt, they produce massive clouds of ashes into the troposphere, and then they drift upward into the stratosphere<\/span><em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">&nbsp;(the upper atmosphere layer where ozone gas protects humans from UV radiation).<\/span><\/em><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">&nbsp;These ashes contain a high concentration of bromine and chlorine. Ashes can stay in the stratosphere for about two to five years, and within this period, there are chemical reactions that destroy the stratospheric ozone molecules.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7363\" src=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/volcanoes-and-ozone.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/volcanoes-and-ozone.jpg 600w, https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/volcanoes-and-ozone-300x148.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>In these volcanic ashes are some chemicals including bromine and chlorine belonging to a group of highly reactive elements called&nbsp;<\/span><strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">halogens<\/span><\/strong><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">, that need electrons to become stable. They get these electrons from the Ozone gas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Gases that destroy ozone, such as hydrogen chloride can also be found in volcanic ashes, but they dissolve readily in water. In many cases, rain can wash down these chemicals before they get high up into the stratosphere, but some do escape into it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Human activities like pollution and emissions already send lots of halogen gases into the stratosphere \u2014 but, scientists have noted that halogens from volcanoes contain twice and thrice as many halogens that human activities even produce. This means the potential of depleting the ozone layer is higher with volcanic smoke.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Remember that the stratosphere is high up and that means when volcanic ash gets there, the impact can be over a very large area, even to the size of the entire North American region.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"><i>It is believed that the eruption of Mount Pinatubo (Philippines) in 1991 sent thick plumes 34km up into the stratosphere, where it had a significant impact on the ozone levels at the time. Other large eruptions include Tambora, Krakatau, and Agung, all of which had impacts on ozone levels.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">All in all, it is known that volcanoes contribute about 18%-20% of Chlorine entering the atmosphere, and human activities also contribute about 80%-82%.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e6c0b3d\" data-id=\"e6c0b3d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f4b801 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"7f4b801\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- Tall-Responsive -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-4993435605385515\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"6804764118\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ef6094 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3ef6094\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1eb5e6b\" data-id=\"1eb5e6b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c399cfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c399cfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/what-is-ozone-depletion\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">PREVIOUS PAGE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b65b36d\" data-id=\"b65b36d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf8f537 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"cf8f537\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/effects-of-ozone-depletion\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">NEXT PAGE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ozone Depletion Introduction to Ozone Depletion What is Ozone? What is Ozone depletion? Volcanoes and ozone Effects of ozone depletion What is UV? The ozone hole How do volcanoes affect stratospheric ozone? When volcanoes erupt, they produce massive clouds of ashes into the troposphere, and then they drift upward into the stratosphere&nbsp;(the upper atmosphere layer [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/fullwidth-content.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7290","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7290","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7290"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7290\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7429,"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7290\/revisions\/7429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eschooltoday.com\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}